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OT Vulnerability Assessment

OT Vulnerability

Assessment

An Operational Technology (OT) vulnerability assessment is a systematic evaluation of security weaknesses in industrial control systems (ICS), SCADA platforms, and field devices. Unlike IT, this assessment focuses on safety, availability, and non-intrusive methods to identify risks—such as unpatched devices or improper network segmentation—that could disrupt critical infrastructure.
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Key Aspects of OT Penetration Testing

Full OT asset discovery
Vulnerability identification and prioritisation
Baseline for compliance (e.g. NIS2, IEC 62443)
Board-ready insights into risk

Methodology

01

Discover

Identify assets and connected systems

02

Assess

Scan for vulnerabilities and compliance gaps

03

Prioritise

Rank issues by impact and likelihood

04

Report

Provide executive and technical outputs

Deliverables

01

OT asset inventory

02

Vulnerability & risk report

03

Prioritised remediation roadmap

04

Executive summary

Deliverables listed are provided as a guideline and will vary depending on the scope of work, agreed Statement of Work (SOW), and programme requirements.
OT Security

OT Asset
Inventory

Comprehensive discovery and assessment of all assets within the OT environment.

01

Asset Inventory

Identifying all hardware, software, and firmware, including legacy equipment, within the OT environment.

02

Non-Intrusive Scanning

Utilizing passive Network and Asset monitoring or (selective) OT safe active scanning to avoid disrupting critical 24/7 operations.

03

Vulnerability Identification

Identifying unpatched software, weak passwords, insecure protocols, and misconfigurations while leveraging known CVE databases, CISA’s ics-advisories, and OEM specific advisories on vulnerabilities.

04

Risk Analysis & Prioritization

Calculating risk based on the potential impact on safety and production, rather than just technical severity.

05

Remediation Planning

Developing a prioritized plan to apply security patches, implement segmentation, or apply compensating controls.

Key Aspects of OT Penetration Testing

01

Focus on Safety and Uptime

Unlike traditional IT Penetration testing, which prioritizes data confidentiality, and is intrusive to network and systems , OT Penetration testing is carefully conducted to ensure zero disruption to production, machinery, and safety systems.

02

Scope

Covers specialized industrial equipment, legacy systems, and network protocols common in manufacturing, energy, and utility and other industrial sectors.

03

Methodology

Follows frameworks like MITRE ATT&CK for ICS ( Add link MITRE ATT&CK for ICS) to map techniques, including reconnaissance, initial access from IT networks, and exploiting control systems.

04

Deliverables

Provides a comprehensive report with risks, technical vulnerabilities, and actionable recommendations to secure the OT environment.

05

Purpose

Validates defenses and strengthens security against threats like ransomware spreading from IT to OT , Insecure Remote Access and various other threat scenarios applicable to ICS environment.

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